Have you ever seen a cat with extra toes? If so, then you've encountered a polydactyl cat! Polydactyly is an inherited trait found in cats that can result in up to seven toes on each paw. This article will discuss all aspects of this fascinating trait, from the health considerations to your cat's specific needs with these extra toes!
What are Polydactyl Cats?
The term "polydactyl" is derived from the Greek words "poly," meaning many, and "dactyls," meaning fingers or toes. It is used to describe animals that have extra digits on their paws.
Normally, cats possess a total of 18 toes: five on each of their front paws and four on each of their hind paws. But what makes polydactyl cats stand out is that they are born with more than the standard number of toes. This can occur on one or more of their paws.
A polydactyl cat could have 6-9 toes on its front paws compared to the normal 5. Extra toes on the hind paws are much more uncommon compared to the front paws but can occur.
It may occur on the preaxial (medial) or postaxial (lateral) side of the extremities. The extra digit often does not contain a full complement of bones.
The extra digit or toe can appear on either the inside (preaxial or medial) or outside (postaxial or lateral) of the extremities. Sometimes, the additional digit doesn't have a complete set of bones.
Interestingly, polydactyl cats are also called "Hemingway Cats" or "Mitten Cats". Ernest Hemingway loved polydactyl cats and the term "Mitten Cats" is a nickname as the paws resemble a mitten.
What Causes Polydactyly in Cats?
Polydactyly is an inherited genetic trait in cats. It is a genetic mutation that occurs due to a gene present in the cat's parents. While it can be passed down from one generation to another, polydactyl cats are also more likely to occur among certain breeds such as Maine Coons, Pixie Bobs and American Shorthairs.
Are Polydactyl Cats Healthy?
Polydactyl cats are generally healthy, provided they receive regular veterinary care. It is important to note that the nails associated with the extra toes can quickly grow into the pads and tissues quicker than "normal" nails, resulting in ingrown nails. Therefore, frequent nail trims are recommended to prevent this from occurring.
If you notice that your cat has an ingrown nail, please contact your veterinarian as they can remove the ingrown nail safely and properly. In many instances, ingrown nails develop secondary infections so antibiotics may be warranted.
Regular check-ups with your veterinarian can ensure that the extra toes are not posing any issues for your cat.
Conclusion
Polydactyl cats have more than the normal number of digits or toes on the paws. It is much more common to have polydactyl forepaws compared to the hind paws. Polydactyly develops due to an inherited genetic mutation and is more common in Maine Coon cats compared to other breeds. Most of the time, having these extra toes poses no medical issues but you need to keep an eye out for ingrown nails as they tend to grow quickly and in a circular fashion. Most of the time, the extra toes pose no issue for cats and they can enjoy a normal, happy life!