Dogs are susceptible to a variety of diseases, one of which is lupoid onychodystrophy. Lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs is a condition that affects the nails. If your dog has this condition, it's important to get treatment as soon as possible. In this post, we'll discuss the symptoms and treatment options for lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs. Keep reading to learn more!
What is lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs?
Lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs is a syndrome that causes brittle to split nails, cracked or deformed nails. As a result, it is not unusual for the nail to separate from the nail bed. Gordon setters and German shepherd dogs are predisposed to this syndrome however lupoid onychodystrophy also occurs in other breeds as well. Lupoid onychodystrophy usually starts around the age of 2-6 years old in affected dogs.
What causes lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs?
The underlying cause of lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs is unknown however, hereditary and immune-mediated processes are suspected.
What are the symptoms of lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs?
The most common symptom of lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs is brittle nails. The nails may also split or crack, and be deformed. As the condition progresses, the nails may separate from the nail bed and fall off. In some cases, pus or blood may be seen beneath the nails.
As lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs can be a painful condition, dogs may show reluctance in having their feet examined or lick their feet excessively and even show signs of lameness.
How is lupoid onychodystrophy diagnosed in dogs?
Lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs is usually diagnosed based on the characteristic clinical signs and response to treatment. Your veterinarian will perform a physical examination, as well as collect a complete medical history of your dog. Blood tests may be recommended if an underlying cause for the onychodystrophy cannot be determined.
What is the treatment for lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs?
There are several treatment options available for lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs yet no single treatment protocol has been established. These include therapies designed to modulate the immune system, such as corticosteroids or immunosuppressant drugs.
Essential fatty acids
Specifically, EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), which are found in fish oils, have been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of onychodystrophy in dogs.
Tetracycline (doxycycline) and niacinamide (Vit. B3)
When this combination is used, they have an immunomodulatory effect. Careful consideration not to use niacin, which is much different from niacinamide.
Corticosteroids
Generally reserved for severe cases or if the initial treatment for onychodystrophy was not beneficial. While long-term therapy is often not required, the dose is tapered to manage clinical signs and minimize adverse effects from the drug.
What is the prognosis for dogs with lupoid onychodystrophy?
The time it takes for clinical improvement to occur with successful therapy is typically 3-4 months. Maximum improvement usually occurs within the first year of treatment, but your veterinarian should continue medical therapy until nails are clinically normal and only attempt tapering medications after 6 months. Keep in mind that relapse can happen when medication use is discontinued.
Lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs is a syndrome that causes brittle nails, split or cracked nails, and deformed nails. The underlying cause is unknown but hereditary and immune-mediated processes are suspected. Diagnosis of lupoid onychodystrophy in dogs is based on characteristic clinical signs and response to treatment. Treatment involves the use of therapies designed to modulate the immune system and some dogs may require lifelong treatment to manage their condition. After reading this article, if you are concerned that your dog may suffer from lupoid onychodystrophy, please contact your veterinarian for further investigation.